Pilonidal sinus, commonly referred to as an ingrown hair, is a condition that can occur in both men and women but is more frequently seen in men. It typically arises in the coccyx region (the tailbone area) and can also occur in other parts of the body, such as the back, neck, and groin. The condition results from hair and hair follicles that shed from the body entering the skin through pores or gaps, forming a cystic structure.
This condition is most commonly observed in individuals aged 15-25. Factors such as obesity, prolonged sitting, and excessive sweating can increase the likelihood of developing pilonidal sinus. Additionally, excessive body hair, thick skin, and poor hygiene may contribute to its occurrence.
Pilonidal sinus can develop due to several factors, including blockage of hair follicles, wearing tight clothing, genetic predisposition, skin trauma, and non-adherence to hygiene standards. The most accepted theory is that hairs shed from the body penetrate the skin pores, creating a nesting site for the hair and leading to the formation of a cyst.
Symptoms commonly associated with pilonidal sinus include drainage, pain, itching, and burning sensations. If the cyst becomes infected, it can result in a painful, swollen, and reddened area, often referred to as a pilonidal abscess. This condition can be extremely painful and may limit the patient's ability to sit or lie down comfortably, requiring prompt medical attention.
Yes, pilonidal sinus can recur regardless of the treatment method employed. If the chronic factors that lead to its formation are not addressed, the likelihood of recurrence increases. To minimize the risk of recurrence, it is essential to remove excess body hair, maintain proper hygiene, and select an appropriate treatment method tailored to the individual.
Even after surgical intervention, pilonidal sinus can recur. To reduce the chances of recurrence, it is crucial to determine the most suitable treatment options for each patient and to address factors such as hair removal and hygiene post-surgery.
For laser treatment to be applicable, patients must be suitable candidates. Laser treatment may carry a lower risk of recurrence compared to traditional surgical methods, but it is essential to remember that recurrence is still possible. Laser treatment is considered a comfortable and easy option, but patient selection is critical for its effectiveness.
Recurrence of pilonidal sinus may manifest through symptoms such as pain, swelling, redness, drainage, and inflammation. This condition is notably prevalent among young males aged 15-25.
To prevent recurrence of pilonidal sinus, adherence to hygiene practices is essential. Reducing body hair can be achieved through shaving, depilatory creams, or other hair removal methods. Wearing loose-fitting clothing and maintaining a balanced diet can also help decrease the likelihood of recurrence.
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Prof. Dr. Sezai AydınGeneral Surgery Turkey
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