Breast

Hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, thyroid hormones, cortisol, and growth hormones play a significant role in breast development. The breast consists of 15-20 lobules, which are glandular structures that produce milk, as well as ducts that transport the produced milk to the nipple.

Breast cancer develops when there is uncontrolled growth of the structure that forms the milk ducts and glands in the breast. Breast cancer is estrogen-dependent and is an endocrine tumor. In Turkey, breast cancer is among the top 10 most frequently occurring cancer types in women.

Breast cancer surgery refers to surgical operations performed as part of breast cancer treatment. The treatment of breast cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach involving several departments. Breast cancer surgeries can vary depending on the size and stage of the cancer, as well as individual patient factors.

Meme kanseri evreleri 0’dan 4’e kadar sınıflandırılır. Bu evreleme tümörün büyüklüğü, koltuk altı lenf bezlerinin tutulumu, meme derisinin tutulumu ve uzak organ yayılımının (metastaz) olup olmadığına göre evreleme yapılır.

Memede kitle, hastanın kendi kendine meme muayenesi sırasında, doktorun muayene sırasında ya da yapılan tetkikler sırasında memede fark edilen lezyonlara (yumru) denir. Meme kitlelerinin büyük çoğunluğu iyi huylu kitlelerdir.

Mastectomy is the surgical procedure to remove breast tissue, often performed in the context of breast cancer diagnosis or in individuals at high risk for developing breast cancer. It can be done unilaterally (on one side) or bilaterally (on both sides).

The ideal breast size is stated as 300-350 cm3. An increase of more than 50% of the ideal breast volume is called macromastia. Macromastia is not only an aesthetic problem, it is a health problem. These patients need to be seen by many different doctors due to their current complaints and many tests need to be done.